Chhath Puja, a vibrant and devotional Hindu festival, is primarily celebrated in Bihar, Jharkhand, and Uttar Pradesh, though its observance has spread to places like West Bengal and even Nepal. This sacred festival honors the Sun God (Surya) and his sister, Chhathi Maiya, through four days of rigorous fasting and prayer. Devotees participate with deep faith, seeking blessings for prosperity, health, and the well-being of loved ones, while also paying homage to nature.
Chhath Puja’s Historical Roots with Goddess Sita
Legend has it that Lord Rama and Sita performed Chhath Puja upon their victorious return to Ayodhya, marking the festival’s significance. Mythological texts suggest that Chhath Puja dates back to ancient eras like the Satyuga and Dwapara Yuga and is associated with notable figures from Hindu mythology. After returning to Ayodhya, Sita conducted Chhath rituals as an expression of gratitude to the Sun God, setting a divine example that resonates with devotees to this day.
View this post on Instagram
The symbolic act by Sita has solidified her legacy among worshippers, who regard Chhath Puja as a testament to strength, purity, and devotion. The festival is also linked to mythological figures such as Karna, who performed “Arghya,” a prayer offering to the Sun, and Draupadi, who observed Chhath during the Pandavas’ exile.
The Four-Day Ritual of Chhath Puja
Chhath Puja spans four days, each with unique rituals:
- Nahay Khay (November 5, 2024): The festival begins with devotees taking a holy dip in a river or pond to purify themselves, followed by a simple, pure (satvik) meal.
- Kharna (November 6): A day of intense fasting, broken only after sunset, includes a special evening offering to the Sun God symbolizing strength and faith. This is followed by a strict 36-hour fast without food or water.
- Sandhya Arghya (November 7): Devotees offer prayers to the setting sun, standing in rivers or lakes to present offerings.
- Usha Arghya (November 8): On the final day, prayers are offered to the rising sun, concluding the fast and the Puja rituals.
Traditional Offerings of Chhath Puja
During Chhath, devotees prepare traditional offerings, including a sweet treat called thekua, rice, fruits, and seasonal vegetables. These offerings, placed in bamboo baskets, are presented to the Sun God during both sunset and sunrise prayers.
Chhath Puja embodies a spirit of unity, drawing together people from villages, towns, and cities. It promotes family and community bonds, as devotees collectively honor the Sun God and the bounty of nature. The festival also encourages eco-friendly practices, such as the use of natural materials and a focus on maintaining river cleanliness, positively impacting local ecosystems.
Ultimately, Chhath Puja is a celebration of devotion, discipline, and gratitude, as devotees undertake a demanding fast and follow strict rituals to strengthen their spiritual connection.
Do you celebrate Chhath Puja? Share your experiences with us in the comments.
